摘要
High-entropy shape memory alloys (HESMAs) represent a novel and promising class of functional materials that synergistically integrate the principles of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with the unique properties of shape memory alloys (SMAs). Unlike conventional SMAs, HESMAs exhibit superior mechanical strength, enhanced thermal stability, and a broader spectrum of phase transformation temperatures. These remarkable attributes are attributed to the fore core effects of HEA, which arise from severe lattice distortion and sluggish diffusion mechanisms. HESMAs undergo diffusionless martensitic transformations, facilitating both shape memory and superelastic effects. Recent investigations have elucidated the significant impact of alloy composition, thermomechanical processing, and phase stability on the performance of HESMAs. Notably, modifications in composition, such as the incorporation of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and palladium (Pd), have been shown to markedly influence phase transformation temperatures and mechanical properties. Furthermore, thermomechanical treatments, such as homogenization, aging, and rolling, have been demonstrated to enhance shape memory performance and superelasticity by refining microstructures and optimizing precipitate distributions.