Abstract
This chapter studies the methodology in the missing-women debate among economists and biologists. One of the central philosophical and methodological issues at stake in the missing-women debate is natural and social scientists’ attempts for discovering the underlying causal structures and mechanisms. Although they encounter the same problem of inferring the mechanism and causal structure in face of available data, the discovering strategies vary. In this chapter, we will comparatively study the strategies of discovering causes and mechanisms in the case of missing women.