Abstract
The current nanotechnology is not only the scale down of the feature size for the things of interest, but also envisages it as a functional set of conceptual and spiritual essence. This study is aimed to demonstrate the striking identify between the utilization of nano-world and the concept of oriental philosophy. The theory of Yin and Yang in the book Yi-Jing(I-Ching) describe system of cosmology and philosophy on the ideas of dynamic balance of opposite, and the evolution of events as a process. Being and non-being are two special aspects of Taoism by Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu. The spirit of Zen in Buddhism and the Confucianism taught by Confucius all reflect the internal constancy and wisdom to identify order and the inevitability of change. It will be revealed that the development of nano-science and technology is indeed originated from Yi-Jing, Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism. Take the diffusion process as an example, and the "vacancy" and the "matrix atom" in material science and engineering can be considered as "non-being" and "being" in Taoism. Especially, the phase transformation encountered in materials science is just like chance events in Yi-Jing.