Abstract
There are 14 indigenous tribes officially recognized in Taiwan, which belong ethnically to the Austronesian family. Since the end of World War II, the ruling KMT government adopted strongly the assimilation policy to sustain its dictatorial ruling over the island. Yet with decades of indigenous rights movement, a stipulation of multiculturalism was finally incorporated into the constitutional amendment in 2000, and consequently leads to the adoption of the Indigenous Fundamental Law in 2005 as its necessary implementation instrument. In the articles of 2005 Law, the Government is obliged to protect the traditional intellectual creations, and to assure the development of indigenous language and culture. To substantiate the obligation, the Congress approved the Indigenous Traditional Cultural Expression Protection Act (ITCEPA) at the end of 2007. The ITCEPA is an innovative sui generis regime to protect indigenous traditional cultural expression, which is parallel to the civil law IPs. The Article is therefore intending to introduce the provisions and process of ITCEPA, and to analyze its impact over the real-life self-governance of indigenous peoples of Taiwan.