Abstract
This thesis investigates how to strategically use external knowledge and thereby produce benefits. Prior studies focus on the use of inter-firm cooperation for accessing and learning knowledge that the level of tacitness is very high and unsuited to imitation or licensing. However, if technological knowledge can be articulated in an explicit form, it can work for other valuable tangible assets acquired easily from market transactions, likes IPR. Moreover, although more knowledge might be better for a firm, not all technological knowledge can create and realize economic value. Firms must commercialize their knowledge or resources. We therefore examine market transaction of knowledge ownership of technological knowledge as the form of the commercial products and services and the mechanism of translating those technological knowledge or innovative ideas into practice and improving performance.