Abstract
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is an exciting field exploring the electron-photon interactions in quantum level. This dissertation is committed to a cross-material study of the cavity QED effects and applications in mesoscopic systems. These systems are studied to investigate the features of mesoscopic emitters distinctive to their atomic counterpart but also of application and fundamental interests including (1) the Purcell effect of broadband emitter、(2) the valley-photon state transfer through entanglement and (3) the RT semiconductor polariton. The first one is the dielectric photonic crystal nanoslot cavity immersed in an organic fluid containing near-infrared dyes, where we study the Purcell effect under broadband coupling. The second is the graphene quantum dot within cavities, where we study the valley-photon interaction and the quantum state transfer. The third is the GaAs quantum well(QW) arrays within distributed Bragg reflectors, where we study the very strong coupling effect of cavity polariton. For the first system, we examine the cavity enhanced spontaneous emission and the dynamics of broadband coupling of NIR dye and nanocavity by means of a full rate equation model including the complete cavity QED effects. Based on the modeling results, we numerically design an organic-silicon cavity light source in which its mode volume, quality factor, and far-field emission pattern are optimized for energy-efficient, high-speed applications. Dye quantum efficiency improved by two orders of magnitude and 3dB modulation bandwidth of a few hundred GHz can be obtained. For the second system, we study the photon-trion coupling where a graphene quantum dot is embedded in optical cavity and the cavity enhanced quantum state transfer from photon to valley qubit through entanglement and projection measurement. We model the overall quantum process by means of writing down a coupled Schrodinger equations to include both coherent and damping processes. To give figure of merits for such process, we analytically derive the expression of yield and fidelity for quantum state transfer. Moreover, we proposed a hybrid cavity setup to improve the efficiency of photon-valley entanglement and final state projection. Based on our numerical study we show promising yield and fidelity considering experimental accessible parameters and provide the optimal design conditions for cavity-quantum dot setup. For the third system, we investigate the very strong coupling (VSC) effect in semiconductor cavity QED system where the QW exciton radius is dramatically modified has been verified by means of a nonlinear numerical optimization technique. Furthermore, we propose two experimental schemes, one by reducing the oscillator strength of QW exciton with an in-plane electric field to recover the bare cavity energy, and the other by inducing the diamagnetic energy shifts in both UP and LP energy branches with a vertical magnetic field to compare their energy difference, and they experimentally provide unequivocal proof of the existence of VSC. Our work offers further insight into the very strong light–matter interaction in semiconductor optical MCs, and the quest of developing a room temperature GaAs polariton laser.