Abstract
One of the applications of wireless sensor networks is guiding navigation service with its goal to assist moving objects in leaving a hazardous region safely and quickly. Previous works do not consider the congestion problem when designing their guiding protocols. This critical problem will delay the time to leave the dangerous areas. In this thesis, we propose an adaptive and distributed guiding protocol that can guide moving objects to different sizes of exits with load balancing among multiple navigation paths to the exits. With the assistances of sensor nodes, moving objects are guided to different navigation paths so that they can move to exits as soon as possible without causing congestion. In some proposed navigation algorithms, a sensor may select a wrong guiding direction when an information updating packet has not flooded through the whole network. Hence, the guiding direction of the sensor may oscillate in a short time and guided objects will confuse with this phenomenon, called direction oscillation problem. This problem will be eliminated in our proposed protocol. We consider several realistic environment parameters when designing our protocol and simulation model. Simulation results show that our protocol can guide moving objects to exits in shorter time due to balancing the load on each guiding path and have the highest survival ratio. In addition, the proposed protocol can solve the direction oscillation problem effectively.