Abstract
In this thesis, we discuss about the band structure of semiconductors by k•p method. To understand the method and the property of semiconductors, we will prove the consequence and introduce another methods in brief. An easy situation we simplify the band structure of semiconductors, we just use one valence band to represent a clear circumstance. From this we could expand to 3-dimentions to approximate real bands of p orbit. The Lowdin’s perturbation method and Luttinger operator are also what we want to discuss in spin-orbital coupling situation. Then we will compare the results from different approximate methods.