Abstract
This thesis contains two parts. In the first part, measurement of various environment gases and pollution source are based on canister/automatic gas chromatography/ mass spectrometer. The designed Canister-Automated GC/MS System was to analyze simultaneously widespread species (C2-C10 HCs, CFCs, compounds). Because of its highly automated, the system designed has better data quality, manpower saving, and analytical efficiency than other methods. The precision of this system for most target compounds was in 3%,and the method detection limits (MDLs) were in the range of 0.1 ppbv to 1 ppbv. The system has been practically applied to demonstrate the spatial distribution of pollutant concentrations in urban, industrial area, gas stations, and wastewater treatment plants. Acquired data with the combination of local meteorological information were discussed further to establish fingerprints of pollutant sources, and to evaluate the quality of air.In the second part, this study is to extract the active components of the traditional Chinese herbals (Rheum and Duchesnea Chrysantha) using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and pressurized water extraction techniques. In order to set up the finger print databases, the active components in traditional Chinese herbals were purified and characterization using preparative liquid chromatography (prep. LC), liquid chromatography mass spectrum (LC-MS). The study showed that the distributions of principal components of Duchesneas harvested in different seasons were different. Summer Duchesneas had obvious poisonous effect on prostate cancer cell lines and Winter Duchesneas had obvious antioxidant capacity. Another study using supercritical fluid extraction, along with preparative-HPLC, provide an efficient separation and purification method for Chrysophanol.