Abstract
This study documents various facts in order to understand the evolution of income inequality and suggest possible causes of income inequality in Vietnam based on data of Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS) during 2002-2012. The study found the national Gini coefficients were mostly influenced by the South East region of Vietnam where average monthly income per capita was highest. The rural-urban ratios of income were lower while the income ratios between the richest quintile and poorest quintile kept increasing. Possible reasons of the rising income inequality in Vietnam were the declining share of farm sector and the increasing share of non-farm sectors during 2002-2012.