Abstract
Abstract Nowadays waste generation tends to increase year by year because the world population had been consistently increase. To lessen dependency to landfill, incineration process, one of Municipality Solid Waste (MSW) to Energy process, had been promoted by governments in developing countries including Thailand. The main objective of this research is to make a recommendation to Thailand MSW to energy market how to repeat Sweden Waste-to-Energy (WTE) or energy recovery industry and Taiwan household waste management success. PESTLE analysis will be applied to analyze external factor affecting Thailand and Sweden MSW-To-Energy industry and one-by-one open-ended interview will support the case study of Taiwanese household waste management. This research will cover only incineration or WTE process which can generate thermal energy and electricity to household by using MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) as raw material. Theoretically, incineration process is one term in WTE process which covers various technologies such as incineration, gasification, landfill gas recovery, anaerobic digestion, and RDF (Refuse-Derived Fuel) technology. One of the countries has been professional in waste management since the last decade is Sweden. Various kinds of MSW-to-Energy plant are located in Sweden in order to reduce large amount of MSW together with generate heat and electricity. Similarly, incineration was promoted as suitable technology in Thailand. However, Thailand still need support on WTE including financial support and experienced engineers and is still lack of household waste management culture creating low grade waste including low calorific value and high water content waste. Instead of landfilling, this research reinforces to bring non-recyclable waste to incinerate in order to produce heat or energy. To lessen the waste drop at landfill, create high specification non-recyclable waste incineration feedstock, and strengthen waste management process, the case of Taiwan household waste management will be introduced. By using open-ended interview with Taiwanese and foreigners living in Taiwan, this research will uncover the secret how Taiwan successfully keep in charge with their household waste process including collecting, sorting, reusing and recycling by government, household, and organization perspective. As the impact from Sweden energy recovery industry, this research will recommend Thai government to provide financial support and experience staff in WTE industry and also distribute the scientific information to the local people. The researcher can R&D in the new related technologies including incineration itself and gas treatment technology. The long term plan to use waste as renewable energy is really significant. The high tax rate can be imposed on landfill to attract incineration industry and reduce the landfill pollution. Besides, Thailand can continuously follow Taiwan waste management strategy by starting from the basic step in household, community level. And then government should reinforce in waste management campaign and strictly fine person who intentionally throw waste. Keywords (English): WTE (Waste to Energy), MSW-To-Energy, MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) management, energy recovery, landfill, incineration, waste management, Sweden, Thailand, Taiwan Keywords (Chinese): 垃圾發電, 垃圾焚化產業取經暨, 城市垃圾管理, 能源回收, 垃圾填埋場, 焚化, 垃圾管理, 瑞典, 泰國, 台灣