Abstract
本論文主要探討現代漢語「起來」在語意及句法上的各種現象與特徵，並 對其內部複雜的現象，提供清楚的描述與合理的解釋。藉由對「起來」的 討論，有助於了解「起來」的本質以及現代漢語中詞彙，語意，及句法相 互影響的關係。本論文的架構如下：第一章為緒論，簡單描述「起來」的 四種語意區別與與個別句法現象、本論文的目標及各章節的主要內容。第 二章至第五章開始針對「起來」的四種語意：方向，起始，完成，條件， 一一作更深入的分析，第二章討論「起來」的方向語意，其為動補複合詞 中的方向補語，表示向上位移的方向，以詞彙功能語法中的詞彙冗贅規律 ，可完整描述其選擇限制及其他語意特徵；第三章探討「起來」的起始語 意，其為強調起始點並伴隨一持續狀態的動貌標記，為有標的非完成動貌 ；第四章描述「起來」的完成語意，其只與詞彙語意中帶有「二層面事件 模式」（動作與狀態層面）動詞結合，實為起始語意的特別用法；第五章 著重「起來」的條件語意，其為出現於從屬子句內的重要標記，句法上為 雙子句結構，語意上表示條件意義，本文試以「從屬假設」解釋相關現象 。第六章為結論，比較四種語意在各方面的異同，並簡述本論文提議的重 要論點與發現。 This thesis provides a comprehensive description and an adequate account for the various types of V-qi-lai constructions in Mandarin Chinese in terms of their semantic and syntactic characteristics. By examining properties of V-qi- lai constructions, this work sheds light on verbal semantics in Chinese as well as the nature of V-qi-lai cosntructions. It also explicates the complicated interactions among the lexicon, semantics, and syntax in Mandarin Chinese. Chapter 1 is an introduction which offers a brief survey on the four types of V- qi-lai constructions -- directional, inchoative, completive and conditional V-qi-lai constructions -- as well as presents objectives and organization of this thesis. Chapter 2 deals with the directional function of qi-lai. A lexical redundancy rule is proposed to characterize properties of directional V-qi- lai constructions. Chapter 3 focuses on the inchoative function of qi-lai. The inchoative qi-lai is an aspect marker which indicates an initial focus accompanied with a continuous state. The inchoative qi-lai is argued to be a marked imperfective aspect marker since it denotes an open-ended situation and does not cooccur with durational phrases, even though it has a telic beginning point. Chapter 4 deals with the completive function of qi-lai. It is an extensional use of the inchoative qi-lai and usually occurs in BA constructions. Chapter 5 concerns with the conditional reading, syntactically appears in a subordinate clause of biclausal sentences, and is morphologically object-inserted inside the conditional qi-lai. A subjunctive hypothesis is suggested to account for idiosyncrasies in conditional V-qi-lai constructions. Chapter 6 is a concluding chapter which makes a comparsion of these four types of V-qi-lai constructions and summarizes all findings of the thesis.