Abstract
In the researches of the mobile learning, most studies emphasize on the techniques of mobile learning systems instead of focusing on digital learning content construction designed for the learners. Furthermore, since 2004, Hsin-chu city government has been sponsoring the local elementary schools to setup wireless campuses. However, the teachers are not able to integrate wireless technologies to their teaching. Although possessing wireless learning environment, the elementary schools would have difficulties in carrying out mobile learning activities if they don’t have the appropriate courseware for mobile learning. According to the analyses above, it is necessary to develop the suitable digital curriculum for mobile learning. Therefore, this study established a cooperative model to combine the national university in the north Taiwan with the Local Networking Resources Center (LNRC) and its Information Master schools by the sea to carry out outdoor mobile learning. The purposes of this study are: (1) developing the appropriate web-based mobile learning materials for mobile learners, (2) designing the mobile learning curriculum model, and (3) evaluating its effectiveness on mobile learning. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted in the study, including literature reviews, descriptive statistics, questionnaires, observations, and interviews. The results of the study is revealing that： (1) The students have positive attitude toward web-based mobile learning materials; (2) Comparing to the traditional way of instruction, it is found that students in experimented groups (using Tablet PCs and PDAs) gain higher scores that with significant difference in the statistics, which means that mobile learning curriculum and mobile devices can enhance learning performance. Meanwhile, during the process of implementing mobile learning, the mobile learning curriculum model has been induced, including the following six stages: (1) analyzing the learners’ needs and mobile situation; (2) integrating the mobile-technology-based instructional/learning environment; (3) designing the mobile instructional strategies; (4) designing and developing mobile learning content; (5) implementing instructional activities; and (6) evaluating mobile learning effects. In addition, this study provides the course developing procedure and design guidelines for web-based mobile learning materials for future studies.