Abstract
本論文旨在研製一系列適合家庭(單相二線式及單相三線式)及工業(三相)用途之蓄電池儲能系統。所提之儲能系統的電力電路非常簡單，其只使用一組雙向切換式換流器，藉由精巧之控制技巧，可使換流器雙向電力之流通易於調控，因而可使所提之儲能系統同時具備電力調節器、主動電力濾波器及不斷電電源供應器之功能。當電力公司供電正常時，儲能系統首先經由同步程序與之並聯，然後根據日負載特性，可規劃操作於下述三模式：(1) 放電模式：在尖峰時期，所有負載之用電由儲能系統提供，以降低電力公司之負擔；(2) 充電模式：在離峰時期，電力公司除提供負載用電之實功外，並同時對蓄電池充電；(3 ) 浮接模式：在中間負載時期，所有負載之實功由電力公司提供以降低蓄電池之損耗。除上述電力調節功能外，儲能系統亦同時具有主動濾波之功能，可以補償負載之虛功及諧波電力，以及不平衡電流(單相三線及三相)。因此電力公司輸入之電流可以被調整為平衡、低失真且功率因素為近於一。當電力公司供電中斷時，儲能系統立即與電力公司隔離，並操作於變流模式以提供負載不中斷低失真之電壓。由於電源供應器之並聯具有較高之可靠性、整體效率及可模組化設計之優點，本論文亦針對所提蓄電池儲能系統從事多模組並聯之研究，並提出一中樞電力分配控制技術，可使並聯模組根據其容量規劃其電流分配。This dissertation is mainly concerned with the development ofsingle-phase (two-wire and three-wire) and three-phase batteryenergy storage systems (BESSs) for residential and industrialuses, respectively. The power circuit of each type of theproposed BESSs is simple, since it consists of only onebilateral switching- mode converter. Through the sophisticatedcascade control techniques developed in this dissertation, thebidirectional power flow of the converter is very easy toregulate, and hence each of the proposed BESSs possesses thecombined functions of power conditioner, active power filterand uninterruptible power supply (UPS). When the utility is innormal condition, the proposed BESS is connected to its gridthrough a synchronization process. Then according to the dailyload condition, the BESS is programmed to operate indischarging, charging or floating mode. In addition to thesepower condtioning functions, the proposed BESS is alsocontrolled to function as an active power filter to compensatethe load unbalanced and harmonic currents as well as thereactive power in all these modes. As the utility power failurehappens, the BESS is operated in inverter mode for supplinguninterruptible power with sinusoidal voltage waveforms to theload. Finally, the multi-module parallel operation of theproposed BESSs is also investigated. A central powerdistribution control technique is proposed to let the currentsharing of each parallel BESS be programmable according to itscapacity.