Abstract
本論文探討離散事件模擬（Discrete Event Simulation，DES）與時間性裴氏圖（Timed Petri Nets，TPN）的關聯性，發展由TPN轉換成 DES方法，以結合DES的優點（現存發展良好的模擬方法論與工具）與 TPN的優點（良好的表達能力）。此外，製造系統的例子將用於驗證所提之方法。本論文分成四個主要的子題。首先，透過三階段之世界觀 Three-PhaseWorld View）提出由TPN至DES的轉換關係。所謂的三階段世界觀是DES的模式構建方式之一。為了易於轉換，首先將TPN的 Places與Transitions予以分類。接著，提出兩個轉換法則以使得TPN模式表達可轉換成三階段事件邏輯的描述。其次，將上述相同的理念拓展於彩色時間性裴氏圖（Colored Timed Petri Nets，CTPN）之離散事件模擬，亦透過三階段世界觀提出將CTPN轉換為離散事件模擬的方法。此轉換的主要理念是利用在DES的屬性（Attributes）的觀念用於表達 CTPN的彩色（Colors）。首先，修改CTPN的表達以切合DES之屬性表達與衝突決策的表達。其次，根據修改式CTPN表達，亦提出兩個轉換法則作三階段模擬的轉換。第三，利用所發展之CTPN三階段模擬提出一彈性製造單元 Flexible ManufacturingCell，FMC）的排程系統。此FMC現設置於工研院機械所（此後稱作MIRLFMC）。CTPN模式的構建是依照FMC內所設計的托板流程。此CTPN模式在此有三大功能：第一、用於描述此 FMC中之托板流程與資源限制；第二、用於分析托板流程之衝突點）；第三、以三階段模擬評估所使用的指派法則（Dispatching Rules），這些指派法則包含機器途程的選擇、暫存區中在製托板的選擇與有軌搬運車]RGV）的指派。以所提出的CTPN為基礎的排程系統，可針對所給定的生產批量選擇適當的指派法則的組合以滿足給定的排程準則，如最短批量完工時間等。此外，亦可產生單元內各設備之加工時程順序，以作為現場指派之依據。最後，提出以CTPN為基礎的製造系統之決策評估機制。此機制主要用於評估同一系統流程下之不同的決策方法]Decision Methods），這些決策方法可為演算法或指派法則等。此機制的最大特色在於分離了描述層（Descriptive Layer）與決策層（Decision Layer）。因此，以此機制可用同一描述層去評估不同的決策方法，以減少模式構建的時間與增加模式的可信度。所謂的描述層是以CTPN的三階段模擬為主表達系統的動態行為。當模擬執行期間，有決策衝突發生時描述層即將衝突送至決策層予以解決。當模擬結束後，將立即地產生關於此決策方法的統計評估結果。This article presents a transformational relation from TPN-based models to discrete event simulation representation inorder to combine advantages of TPN (i.e. promisingrepresentation power) and discrete event simulation (i.e. welldeveloped simulation modeling methodology and tools, etc.).Moreover, two manufacturing applications are presented toillustrate the applicability of the proposed methods. Fourmajor subjects are included in this thesis. First, atransformational relation from original timed Petri nets (TPN)to discrete event simulation is presented via the three-phasemodeling world view. The three-phase world view is one of themodeling approaches of discrete event simulation. Places andtransitions of TPN are first classified for thetransformational purpose. Two rules are conceived to indicatethe transformational relation from the original TPN modelrepresentation to the three-phase simulation event logicdescription (i.e. conditional events and bound events). Second,the same concept is also extended to transform colored timedPetri nets (CTPN) into the three-phase simulation event logic.Here the concept of attributes in discrete event simulationmodeling is utilized to represent colors in CTPN models. Themodel representation of CTPN is modified for facilitating therepresentation of colors and conflict decisions in discreteevent simulation. Two extended transformational rules are alsoproposed to generate the three-phase simulation event logicdescription from the modified CTPN model representation. Third,by using the proposed CTPN three-phase simulation, a CTPN-based scheduler for a flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) that iscurrently set up at the Mechanical Industrial ResearchLaboratories (MIRL) of the Industrial Technology ResearchInstitute at Hsinchu, Taiwan, is presented. Finally, a decisionevaluative scheme based on the CTPN-based three-phasesimulation is presented for evaluating alternative decisionpolicies or strategies in the