Abstract
Automobile industry has a great influence on the economical development of a country. The scale of domestic automobile market in Taiwan is not large; however, there are too many automakers in Taiwan and they have been very competitive already. Further, as Taiwan is about to joining the WTO, the domestic manufacturers are facing the competition from foreign manufacturers. Domestic automakers have to improve their productivity and lower their costs in order to survive under global compotation.Therefore, this study starts with understanding the manufacturing techniques of the automobile industry. Then, we develop a proper scheduling methodology and control methods for production process. Automobile manufacturing is a typical “paced assembly system” and can be divided into three main processes: white body shop, paint shop and assembly line. Due to the different considered factors of different processes, we first compute net demands, and then determine the schedules for paint shop and assembly lines by a backward scheduling, which is followed by a forward scheduling. This study solves the production schedules by using four search rules, rule sa, rule tabu, rule sa-tabu and rule sa-time, which are developed from simulated annealing and tabu search. Because of the high changeability of auto manufacturing processes, we also design some control rules for the key control points, such as white body stock and painted body stock. Hopefully, by using these controlling rules, the actual production sequences can be adjusted to meet the calculated schedule as much as possible. In this way, the satellite factories of a automaker can perform just-in-time deliveries of spare parts for assembly line and thus reduce the inventory cost of work-in-process materials.Experiment results show that rule sa-time has the best performance. In addition, we can obtain proper schedules for assembly lines and paint shop by a backward scheduling.圖目錄 IV表目錄 V第一章 概論 11.1研究背景與動機 11.2研究目的 21.3研究方法 31.4本文架構 3第二章 汽車廠生產方式簡介與問題描述 42.1汽車工廠生產方式 42.1.1車身熔組線（Body Shop） 42.1.2塗裝線（Paint Shop） 52.1.3組裝線（Assembly Line） 52.2本研究對象的生產概況 62.2.1車身工廠生產情形 72.2.2油漆工廠生產情形 82.2.3車裝工廠生產情形 92.2.4整廠概況 92.3本研究對象的生產問題 102.3.1車身熔組線生產問題 112.3.2塗裝廠生產問題 112.3.3組裝線問題 122.3.4該廠目前希望解決的生產問題 13第三章 文獻回顧 153.1 Paced Assembly Line 153.2汽車廠排程相關文獻 18第四章 方法構建 194.1生產排程方法 204.1.1淨需求的計算（Netting） 234.1.2模擬退火法求解生產排程 294.1.3塔布搜尋法求解生產排程 384.2控制法則 424.2.1車身暫存區（WBS）控制法則 424.2.2塗裝完成暫存區（PBS）控制法則 43第五章 實驗結果與分析 475.1生產排程搜尋法則 475.2結果與分析 49第六章 結論與未來研究建議 59參考文獻 60附錄 62A. 輸入檔格式 62B. 輸出檔格式 64