Abstract
Since 2004 to 2016, Taiwan Government has implemented a series of green policies. Taking “National Sustainable Energy Conference” in 2006 as an example, the authority starts to place emphasis on renewable energy to upgrade industries and carbon reduction. However, according to past renewable energy performance of Taiwan, international green energy indicators ---World Green-Tech Competitiveness Ranking (IMD), Global Green Economy Index (GGEI) and Taiwan electricity generation of renewable energy that indicated that Taiwan’s energy transition has not developed as expected. In order to find out the key factors causing the policy failure, we used multi-level perspective and socio-technical system as an analytical approach. The research finds that the key factors lie in the interaction between socio-technical regimes and niche-innovation through observing actors, institution and technology. Investigating the energy development pathway of Taiwan, we conclude the following four factors contributing to policy failure--- (1.) The policies do not connect practical operation. (2.) The uncertainty of authority (3.) Insufficiency of energy knowledge (4.) Different existing position because of different level of demand and concern. Compared with energy development of European Countries, Taiwan is in the process of developing and exploring. As such, the green policies in Taiwan have high variability and uncertainty. It is suggested that, in the unclear development and situation, the authority should keep reflecting on past problems and obstacles, learning the lessons from past experience and foreign countries. Taiwan will obtain the suitable development pathway and model.