Abstract
With the increasing applications of the wireless sensor network (WSN), a WSN deployment strategy has to fulfill various requirements, such as keeping the network connected, maximizing the sensing coverage rate, minimizing the usage of sensor nodes, etc. In this dissertation, we focus on the connected area coverage problem under the deterministic WSN deployment. That is, given deployable sensor nodes, we want to determine the locations of sensor nodes to achieve maximum sensing coverage rate of deployment area and maintain network connectivity. To determine a correct sensing coverage rate, the accuracy of the sensing area modeling is significant. For sensor node with omnidirectional sensing area, we proposed a two-phased DT-Score approach. In the first phase, the coverage holes near the boundaries of the deployment area and obstacles are eliminated by deploying contour sensor nodes. The remaining sensor nodes are deployed based on the Delaunay triangulation and scoring mechanism to achieve the most sensing coverage gains. For sensor node with directional sensing area, we proposed the polygon model and corresponding Polygon-Random and Polygon-Tiling approaches. The polygon model consists of a list of vertices in polar coordinates used to outline the actual sensing area of a sensor node. The Polygon-Random approach deploys a sensor node to the location selected from randomly generated candidate positions through topology control and scoring mechanisms. The Polygon-Tiling approach fills the deployment area with convex hexagonal tiles and each tile inscribes the sensing area represented by the polygon model. According to the simulation results, the proposed DT-Score approach can achieve full sensing coverage compared with the grid-based and random-based deployment approaches under sufficient sensor nodes. The proposed polygon model and the corresponding Polygon-Random and Polygon-Tiling approaches outperform the existed disk model and sector model based approaches in terms of the sensing coverage rate and the usage of sensor nodes.