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現代理性化困境的可能出路:「法輪大法(法輪功)修煉方案」之探討
Thesis

現代理性化困境的可能出路:「法輪大法(法輪功)修煉方案」之探討

許圳文
Masters, 國立清華大學, 社會學研究所
2006

Abstract

法輪大法 法輪功 現代性 後現代 詮釋理性 理性化 道德 韋伯 理性 終極實體 啟蒙 Falun Dafa Falun Gong modernity postmodern hermeneutic ration rationalization moral Max.Weber ration Ultimate reality Enlightment
The rationality of Enlightenment is a great victory for man’s subjectivity, by which man can escape from the Pre-modern condition in which the meaning of life comes from being the ultimate reality of the subject, and thereby man becomes the subject of meanings. However, when rationalization encompasses life as a whole, unexpectedly, there advents the life world filled with the sense of meaninglessness. The appearance of the Postmodern, or to disclose its deep-imbedded origin, the failure of the Modernit project originates in the congenital predicament of rationalization or the inescapable destiny of human nature. When the divine ultimate reality resigns, it's destined that man feels their bitterness. The individual pursuit of material and the physical game for pleasure should, at last, be faced with the empty predicament of meaninglessness. Living in this postmodern condition of endless individual consumption and gaming, how is it possible for individual to practice Falun Gong? When Enlightenment ration is destined to bring logical thinking and endless pursuit of desire to modern life, how can movers become devoted practitioners? The answers lie in the practitioners' understanding of the practicing directions and principles, the analysis of practitioners' value orientation, and their poignant experiences of actual practice. The possibility of acquiring Falun Dafa is yielded from that fact that their action is one of hermeneutic ration; the relief from diseases and the advancement of physical nature, the mysterious, supernatural experience or enlightenment, and the joyfulness one earns when he/she surpasses the modern predicament, all compose the possibility of firm practice. The fully verifying act for hermeneutic ration may be the predicament most religions and other mysterious practice are facing. There are a series of unexpected results demonstrated by the practitioners of Falun Dafa during their process of practice. First, a set of impulses of hermeneutic ration directs some of the people in the modern predicament into the field of Falun Dafa practice. Moreover, during the continuous practice, the sur-rational belief is entwined with the external signs of hermeneutic ration. That is, the hermeneutic rational and irrational factors, by turns, accompany the practitioners in their process of practice. In other words, the ultimate divine reality incessantly represents the value ration and ushers the practitioners in their practice and their worldly life. On the other hand, the practitioners prove the real existence of the ultimate divine reality with the evidence or experience of hermeneutic ration. Here, the worldly life and the unworldly value aspects are closely connected to form a link, a representation of spiritual civilization-the moral community of practitioners. This formation of moral community is what Falun Dafa practitioners have to manifest in the worldly life through a series of practice, and it can be categorized as a type of responsibility ethics according to the theory of Max. Weber. Therefore, the Falun Dafa practice for hermeneutic ration has become a possible solution to the predicament of the modern rationalization. Under the complete crackdown and grim persecution carried out by China's government, the Falun Dafa practitioners has set out on an arduous journey of clarifying the truth, which is a social act full of the ethics of principled convictions. The autocratic government of China suppresses by naming it as evil, which in turn reveals the regime itself as evil in its nature if we employ the historical analysis of Arnold Toynbbee and examine the political characteristics of the government's violent deception. Moreover, looking at its cruel suppression imposed on the Falun Dafa practitioners, we may again find the China regime's evil nature. On the other hand, the practitioners' ethics of principled conviction, without the instrumental ration in Max. Weber's theory, again reveals the characteristics of action of the Falun Dafa practitioners who refuse rationalization. This firm ethics and its loose “invisible organization” is exactly the underlying reason why the government of China can not “exterminate Falun Gong.”

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