Abstract
有機氯農藥雖已禁用二十餘年，但在環境中之殘留量仍相當高，其高生物累積性及致癌性對生態及人類影響甚巨。本研究針對肉品及水產類食品中的有機氯農藥進行殘量分析。藉由沖提溶劑及淨化劑的改變，發展可行之分析鑑定方法，並將所得的分析結果，以美國環保署所公布之評估模式與世界衛生組織(WHO)建議之每人每天可接受攝取量來進行致癌性風險評估，以估計民眾因飲食所得到之致癌風險,並可採取適當之防治措施本研究以有機氯劑農藥標準品經7-15次重複分析結果顯示,農藥在氣相層析圖譜 上滯留時間的相對標準偏差小於1％，方法偵測極限介於0.42-6.59,檢量線的相關係數(r-square)則在0.995-0.999之間，顯示儀器的再現性佳,適合本研究中食品中有機氯農藥殘留量分析的分析方法。 在回收率的測試上，由於肉類有油脂基質干擾，因此利用活性碳管柱淨化,但淨化之回收率僅14-150％之間，且有嚴重之基質干擾；改用C-18管柱淨化其回收率可達52-94％，如以C-18與矽酸鎂(Florisil)管柱淨化後其回收率可達63-139％；使用Alumina-N淨化管柱回收率達48-101％，以矽酸鎂管柱淨化，並改變沖提液後其回收率可達63-122％，且基質的干擾最小，故以矽酸鎂淨化之效果最佳在真實樣品分析方面,安殺番(I)被檢出率最高,檢出率達51.4%,其次為環氧飛佈達,達到47.6%，其餘檢出率大於30％之有機氯劑分別為a-蟲必死.靈丹及g-蟲必死.利用分析所得之結果，配合1993年國人每人每日食品平均消耗量,可計算出食用水產及肉品的總致癌風險機率，魚類與豬肉的終生致癌風險機率分別為91.1*10-6 及 132*10-6，總風險度為251*10-6，高於10-5-10-6的可接受風險度.Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were widely used for pastscontrol in agriculture for the past few decades . Theirapplication has increased corp yields and has improved thequantity of foods in the diet. However, organochlorinepesticides can cause a range of adverse effects on human health,such as cancer, genic effect and acute and chronic injury to thenervous system. To estimate Taiwanese daily intakes andassess the carcinogenic risk of organochlorine pesticides infoods, such as BHC, heptachlor, aldrin,heptachlor epoxide,endosulfan, DDE, dieldrin, endrin, DDD and DDT in food,meat,fish and seafood were analyzed as major sources of thesepesticidesin the diet. Five clean-up procedures were evaluatedto determine the suitable packing material. Results shown thatthe average recoveries of clean-up by Envi-Carb, Envi-18, tandemcolumn (Envi-18 and Florisil), Alumina-N and Florisil rangedfrom 15 to 150%, 52 to 94%, 63 to 139%,48 to 101% and 63 to122%, respectively. The Florisil cartridge was shown to haveless matrix effects and high recoveries of OCPs and was choosedofthis research. By using Florisil, the average recoveries ofmeat, fish and seafood ranged from 69 to 125%, 51 to 105% and 69to 125%. The OCPs residue in meat, fish and seafood areranged from 0.32 to 10.22 ng/g, 0.89 to 13.9 ng/g and 0.26 to6.45 ng/g, respectively . Fromthe analytical results of thisstudy, meat, fish and seafood are demonstrated to be relativelyhigh hazardous materials for human. The high exposure frequencyof OCPs by meat, fish and seafood are endosulfan(I)(51.4) andheptachlor epoxide(47.6%).The carcinogenic risk of the fish andpork are 91.1*10-6 and 132*10-6, respectively. The totalcarcinogenic risk of foods in this research is 251*10-6.