摘要
Computing-in-memory (CIM) is a promising approach to reduce the latency and improve the energy efficiency of deep neural network (DNN) artificial intelligence (AI) edge processors. However, SRAM-based CIM (SRAM-CIM) faces practical challenges in terms of area overhead, performance, energy efficiency, and yield against variations in data patterns and transistor performance. This paper employed a circuit-system co-design methodology to develop a SRAM-CIM unit-macro for a binary-based fully connected neural network (FCNN) layer of the DNN AI edge processors. The proposed SRAM-CIM unit-macro supports two binarized neural network models: An XNOR neural network (XNORNN) and a modified binary neural network (MBNN). To achieve compact area, fast access time, robust operations, and high energy-efficiency, our proposed SRAM-CIM uses a split-wordline compact-rule 6T SRAM and circuit techniques, including a dynamic input-Aware reference generation (DIARG) scheme, an algorithm-dependent asymmetric control (ADAC) scheme, a write disturb-free (WDF) scheme, and a common-mode-insensitive small offset voltage-mode sensing amplifier (CMI-VSA). A fabricated 65-nm 4-Kb SRAM-CIM unit-macro achieved 2.4-And 2.3-ns product-sum access times for a FCNN layer using XNORNN and MBNN, respectively. The measured maximum energy efficiency reached 30.49 TOPS/W for XNORNN and 55.8 TOPS/W for the MBNN modes.