摘要
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) are proposed in this study as effective dispersants for the dispersion of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanopowder with high solid content in an organic solvent, ethylene glycol (EG). It is found that an addition of as little as 1 wt% of PVA and PVP is sufficient for the stabilization of nano-AZO. However, with excessive levels of solid content and addition of dispersant, PVA loses its dispersion efficiency; this is because PVA tends to gel with EG through the interaction of hydrogen bonding. Rheological analysis and theoretical calculations based on Stokes' law and Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory suggest that the viscosity contribution from the added dispersants is the dominant stabilization mechanism for the dispersion of nano-AZO with a high solid content, such as 40 wt%, in EG.