摘要
The concept of energy lies at the foundation of physical science. In general relativity and quantum field theory, the positivity and conservation of energy are encapsulated by the so-called energy-momentum tensor and the energy conditions. In recent efforts to unify fundamental physics with quantum information, the energy conditions have come to play a crucial role in establishing numerous theorems. In this article, we review the basics of energy conditions in general relativity and their applications in gravitational physics, quantum field theory, and the holographic principle. Through these applications, we explore the profound connection between the energy conditions and quantum information.