摘要
Numerical models with varying degrees of complexity are widely employed for investigating the intricate hemodynamics associated with pathological conditions such as ischemic stroke. To achieve rapid analysis without compromising accuracy, a simplified numerical model (low-order) can be developed that is easier to implement for a wide range of scenarios with reduced computational resources. In this study, a zero-dimensional model (lumped parameter model) was developed to investigate cerebral hemodynamics associated with cardiogenic ischemic stroke triggered by a combination of three different proximate conditions such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cerebral artery occlusions. Specifically, cerebral artery blood pressure and flow rate were investigated under three different stages of hypertension (normal, moderate, and severe) at three different locations (anterior, middle, and posterior) of cerebral artery occlusions. During cerebral occlusion, regardless of location, the cerebral blood pressure and flow rate were observed to decrease compared to normal conditions. The analysis further demonstrated that blood flow in distal small cerebral arteries was restored by an increase in mean arterial pressure. However, this was observed to be associated with elevated blood pressure and flow rates in non-occluded large arteries. In addition, the study highlighted potential risks, such as cerebral edema and hemorrhagic syndrome, associated with the combined effects of hypertension and AF. Meanwhile, the performed sensitivity analysis emphasized the critical role of large cerebral artery pressure under occlusion and severe hypertension scenarios. The presented zero-dimensional model can serve as a valuable tool for researchers and clinicians to rapidly examine cerebral circulation under varied pathological conditions.