Abstract
We demonstrate herein the design and fabrication of a highly efficient yellow organic light-emitting diode (OLED) with a balanced carrier injection device architecture having a zero electron-injection-barrier host blended with a hole-injection aiding co-host. The resultant yellow OLED showed, at 1000 cd m -2 for example, an efficacy of 59 lm W -1 , current efficiency of 71 cd A -1 and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23%, with values of 42 lm W -1 , 47 cd A -1 and 15% EQE without a co-host. The co-host effect that resulted in very balanced carrier injection was also valid for other yellow OLED devices and their efficiency improvement was also very marked. With the use of a micro-lens, the device efficiency is further improved to 79 lm W -1 , 96 cd A -1 and 30% EQE. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.