摘要
Studies on novel devices utilizing characteristics of confined geometries have attracted much attention. In particular, a 10–1,000 nm space (extended nanospace) has been expected to establish superior chemical analysis sys- tems in liquid phases, because it not only bridges the meth- odological gap between conventional nanotechnology and microfluidic technology, but also the scientific one between single molecules and the bulk condensed phase. Therefore, engineering, fluidics, and chemistry concerned with extend- ed nanospaces have been investigated, and unique physico- chemical phenomena in the spaces have been clarified. In this review, we summarize recent research outcomes about protonic and hydrodynamic properties of liquids confined in extended nanospaces. Furthermore, we assume a novel mo- lecular description, composed of the electric double layer (EDL) model and the three-phase model, consisting of ad- sorbed, proton transfer, and bulk phases, to explain the unique properties induced by the extended nanospace con- finement. Finally, the device applications using extended nanospaces are introduced and their potentials are discussed.