Abstract
Sn-Ag-Bi-Cu and its constituent systems are important material systems, especially for electronic soldering. Although these alloys have attracted significant interest for industrial applications and have been the subject of various Calphad studies, it is surprising to find that there are significant deviations observed between the calculated and experimentally determined results regarding the phase transformation temperatures. To address this issue, Sn-Ag, Sn-Bi, Sn-Cu, Sn-Ag-Bi, Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn-Bi-Cu and Sn-Ag-Bi-Cu alloys on the Sn-rich side are prepared. Simultaneous thermal analysis and holding-quenching experimental measurements are conducted to determine their liquidus temperatures and invariant reaction temperatures. The experimentally determined results are then compared with the Calphad-calculated results and utilized to improve the thermodynamic parameters in the Calphad models. The calculated results with the revised databases are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.