摘要
<p>We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19th, during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered <img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/223C.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0031.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0034.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0025.png?V=2.7.3" /> of this five-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (6.7 Mpc), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from 50 Hz to 2 kHz where we assume the gravitational-wave emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy <img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0031.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/00D7.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0031.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0030.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/2212.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/0034.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Math/Italic/336/004D.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/2299.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Math/Italic/336/0063.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/0032.png?V=2.7.3" /> and luminosity <img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0032.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/002E.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0036.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/00D7.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0031.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/0030.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/2212.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/0034.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Math/Italic/336/004D.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/2299.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Math/Italic/336/0063.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/238/0032.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Main/Regular/336/002F.png?V=2.7.3" /><img src="https://static.arxiv.org/MathJax-2.7.3/fonts/HTML-CSS/TeX/png/Math/Italic/336/0073.png?V=2.7.3" /> for a source emitting at 82 Hz. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as 1.08, at frequencies above 1200 Hz, surpassing past results.</p>