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Searches for Binary Mergers with Sub-solar Mass Components in Data from the First Part of LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA's Fourth Observing Run
期刊文章

Searches for Binary Mergers with Sub-solar Mass Components in Data from the First Part of LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA's Fourth Observing Run

A. G Abac, I Abouelfettouh, F Acernese, K Ackley, A Adam, C Adamcewicz, S Adhicary, D Adhikari, N Adhikari, R. X Adhikari, …
arXiv (Cornell University)
23/07/2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05444

摘要

Physics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
We report on a gravitational wave search for compact binary coalescences involving at least one component with mass between0.2 M_(⊙)to1 M_(⊙) , and ratio of component masses between 0.1 and 1. The analysis uses data collected by the LIGO detectors between May 24 2023 15:00 UTC and January 16 2024 16:00 UTC. No statistically significant sub-solar mass candidates were identified by the participating search algorithms. We report the detection sensitivity of the current searches to the target sub-solar mass black hole population. With the absence of detections, we place upper limits on the merger rate of sub-solar mass black holes, ranging from 110\rm Gpc⁻³ yr⁻¹to 10000\rm Gpc⁻³ yr⁻¹at 90% confidence. We constrain two illustrative dark matter scenarios that can form sub-solar mass compact objects with these searches: primordial black holes, and dark black holes forming in a dissipative dark matter model. For late-forming primordial black hole binaries, our search excludes the fraction of dark matter in primordial black holes to be≤ 1only for masses above0.9 M_(⊙) . In the early-formation scenario, we limit this fraction to be≤ 7%at1 M_(⊙) , and≤ 40%aat0.35 M_(⊙) . For the dissipative model, the excluded region in the parameter space of dark matter fraction in dark black holes and their minimum possible mass extends down to (0.9 to 1.2)× 10⁻⁵at1 M_(⊙)with no constraints below0.02 M_(⊙) . For the first time, we report the detection sensitivity of our searches to binaries with sub-solar mass neutron stars, and place the 90% confidence merger rate limit at (570 to 710)\rm Gpc⁻³ yr⁻¹for a population with component masses distributed uniformly down to0.5 M_(⊙) .

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