摘要
The science of nanomaterials has certainly become one of the most promising and creative research areas in recent years. One convenient way to generate materials in nanoscale dimension is to provide nanopatterned templates, patterns with periodic porous nanostructured articles, for the growth of nanomaterials (i.e., the concept of nanoreactor). Recently, extensive studies to exploit the concept of nanoreactor have been carried out in different research areas, and wide varieties of nanomaterials and nanoarrays were thus obtained. Different methods for nanopatterning such as photolithography, soft lithography, scanning probe lithography, electron lithography (i.e., top-down methods) and self-assembly of living cells, surfactants, dendrimers and block copolymers (i.e., bottom-up methods) have been proposed and examined. Among them, the formation of nanopatterns from the self-assembly of block copolymers driven by the immiscibility between the constituted blocks can be efficiently, economically achieved due to the ease of processing.