摘要
Simple Summary Grenz rays are low energy X-rays and have been used for dermatological radiotherapy for decades. This study calculates the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) for DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction and cell survival under hypoxic conditions for Grenz-ray therapy (GT). The RBE values for cell survival for cells irradiated by 15 kV, 10 kV and 10 kVp and titanium K-shell X-rays (4.55 kV) relative to Co-60 gamma-rays are 1.0-1.6 at an aerobic condition (21% O-2) and further increase to 1.2-2.1 in conditions of severe hypoxia (0.1% O-2). The OER values for DSB induction relative to Co-60 gamma-rays are ~2.4 for GT, but the OER for cell survival is 2.8-2.0 as photon energy decreases from 15 kV to 4.55 kV. Grenz-ray therapy (GT) is commonly used for dermatological radiotherapy and has a higher linear energy transfer, relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and oxygen enhancement ratio (OER). GT is a treatment option for lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma. This study aims to calculate the RBE for DNA double-strand break (DSB) induction and cell survival under hypoxic conditions for GT. The yield of DSBs induced by GT is calculated at the aerobic and hypoxic conditions, using a Monte Carlo damage simulation (MCDS) software. The RBE value for cell survival is calculated using the repair-misrepair-fixation (RMF) model. The RBE values for cell survival for cells irradiated by 15 kV, 10 kV and 10 kVp and titanium K-shell X-rays (4.55 kV) relative to Co-60 gamma-rays are 1.0-1.6 at the aerobic conditions and moderate hypoxia (2% O-2), respectively, but increase to 1.2, 1.4 and 1.9 and 2.1 in conditions of severe hypoxia (0.1% O-2). The OER values for DSB induction relative to Co-60 gamma-rays are about constant and ~2.4 for GT, but the OER for cell survival is 2.8-2.0 as photon energy decreases from 15 kV to 4.55 kV. The results indicate that GT results in more DSB induction and allows effective tumor control for superficial and hypoxic tumors.