Abstract
There are three kinds of kang7 attested in the sixteenth century and later Southern Min playscripts as well as the Chinese-character and Romanized Southern Min texts compiled by Spanish missionaries in the seventeenth century: (1) kang7 expressing relationship of co-participation, (2) kang7 exhibiting a unilateral relationship, and (3) kang7 showing a co-ordinate relationship. Ka7 as a reflex of kang7 is limited to the unilateral relationship construction in modern Taiwanese Southern Min. Thus, there is a lexical replacement by which kang7 claiming both a co-participation relationship and a co-ordinate relationship in earlier times is replaced by kap4/kah4 or its dialectal variants such as tsham1 ham7 and kiau1 in Taiwanese Southern Min. However, the situation concerning the constructional types claimed by vis-à-vis is somewhat different if we take other modern Southern Min varieties such as Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Chaozhou into consideration. Quanzhou seems to be more conservative than Zhangzhou and Chaozhou in that kang7 holds faster to its original domain.