Abstract
In this paper, we focus on ram-pressure stripping and evaporation of disk galaxies in and around a cluster. We show that the evolution of the disk surface density affects the efficiency of ram-pressure stripping of galaxies at z ≳ 1. We also consider the saturation of thermal conduction in detail and show that it cannot be ignored at larger radii of a cluster, which makes the time-scale of the evaporation larger. Both the ram-pressure stripping and evaporation could affect the evolution of galaxies even around a cluster. In particular, the observed gradual decline of the starformation rates of galaxies in and around clusters could be explained by evaporation without resorting to speculative strangulation (stripping of warm gas in galactic halos).