摘要
Non-equilibrium dynamics of hot electrons in highly excited gold films has been investigated by using the femtosecond transient reflecting grating method. Transport processes which compete with electron-phonon coupling processes were investigated by observing thermal surface displacements. The results were compared with calculations by a simple thermoelastic equation and the two-temperature model with two different conditions for the thermal conductivity. The results suggested that non-thermal states of the hot electrons still contribute transport processes on time scales of several picoseconds. © 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.