Abstract
The Basel Convention is the main international environmental convention on control transboundary movement of wastes. And it had entered into force in 1992, up to now it ratified by 165 Parties or Organizations. In accordance with the spirit of the Basel Convention, parties need to take steps by waste reduction, waste environmentally sound management and control. transboundary movement of hazardous wastes. The Basel Convention divides into three parts, including legal, technical and implemental aspects. This text will focus on the important legal issues: the Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation and monitoring of illegal traffic in hazardous wastes. At the same time it will also discuss the Taiwan's cases of controlling illegal traffic in hazardous wastes (example of Formosa Case and Hung Yiu Case). Though the Taiwan's case study, we may think over how to control the illegal traffic in hazardous wastes more effective.