Abstract
The idea of ”Ni Chu Shun Shou” is one of the most important formula that exert a tremendous influence in the process of governing in the the early Han dynasty, The aim of this article is to explore the idea of ”Ni Chu Shun Shou” by Lu Chia through Antonio Gramsci's conception of the relation between state and civil society. In this aspect, in order to stabilized the rule over the long term, ”Ni Chu Shun Shou” is to establish a profound stabilized mechanism for the empire rule. The central thrust of Gramsci's writing on Western revolution is to suggest that the problem of ”consent” and ”hegemony” is his primary concern. Political society is a mere ”outer ditch” which falls easily in comparison with the ”powerful system of fortresses and earthworks” of civil society which lie ”behind”. From this point of view, ”Ni Chu Shun Shou” is to establish the ”powerful system of fortresses and earthworks” which lie ”behind” the political society. The newly located role of Confucianism, through humanity/ righteousness/ liu I/lun li chiao hua, is to establish a profound stabilized mechanism for the empire rule. With the protection of this profound stabilized mechanism, the ruling class can survive the severe crisis.