Abstract
The story of ”Wang, Zhou-jun” (王昭君) has been around for a long time. It has been put on over and over again. The story of Wang-Zhou-jun is still playing in all such operas as Kun -opera (崑劇), Peiking-opera (京劇), Chuan-opera (川劇), Gan-opera (贛劇), Bei-guan (北管), GaoJia-opera (高甲戲) etc.. One of the most famous act is called ”Zhao jun chu sai” (昭君出塞). The core of my dissertation focuses on the article ”Zhao jun jun chu” sai chosen from the book called ”Zhui bai qiu (綴白裘)”, an anthology of Chinese opera which was published in Ching Dynasty in 1770. I tried to explore the origin of the ”Zhao jun chu sai” act in ”Zhui bai qiu”, which originated from eight anthologies of Chinese opera in mid-late period of the Ming Dynasty. Besides, I studied its development and the tune according to the manuscript and score in mid-Qing dynasty.At present, the earliest ”Zhao jun” opera in Ming Dynasty is taken from ”Feng yue jin nang” (風月錦囊), an anthology of Chinese opera which was published in ”Jiajing” (嘉靖) period of the Ming Dynasty (1522-1566). Additionally, it could be found in ”He rong ji” (和戎記), a drama called ”Chuan qi” (傳奇) written in mid-Ming Dynasty. Besides, ”Zhao jun chu sai” was selected in seven antholog ies which were published in late-Ming Dynasty. In these works, two features were added to and stood out. One was the addition of the popular form of singing called ”Gun diao” (滾調), and the other was the additional roles called ”Mo” (未), ”Jing” (淨) and ”Chou” (丑), which could thicken the plot. From these works, we could find the origin of ”Zhao jun chu sai” in t he book ”Zhui bai qiu”.The script played in mid-Qing Dynasty we can find today had a lot to do with the popular form of singing, called ”Shi ju” (時劇). This performance of the act belonged neither to a certain ”Sheng Qiang” (聲腔) nor to a certain style of drama (劇種). It was performed and developed continually by different tunes and accompaniment of different musical instruments. Due to my interpretation about ”Shi ju” (時劇), I hope to present another phenomenon in Theater of mid-Qing Dynasty, except the local drama.