Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder, characterized by impaired whole-body insulin sensitivity and responsiveness. Plasma insulin level of type 2 diabetes patients is increasing above young normal level during early developmental phase, whereas type 1 diabetes patients have extremely low insulin level. Both conditions cause hyperglycemia. Clinical symptom of type 2 diabetes during early developmental phase is generally minimal. Prediabetes is clinically defined as an individual who has fasting glucose level above 100 mg/dL but lower than 126 mg/dL. During this preclinical stage, blood glucose levels is slightly greater than normal, which will subsequently cause vascular complications. In addition to medication, lifestyle intervention is important for preventing further progression from prediabetes to diabetes state. Dietary restriction and exercise are essential components for lifestyle intervention. Regular exercise for more than 150 min per week is generally recommended for diabetes prevention.