Abstract
Facing the rapid development of technology today, environmental pollution and energy consumption issues are becoming increasingly serious. Therefore, green energy education has become a crucial focus in education. In this context, designing and experimentally testing activities for solar ovens are considered highly suitable for elementary school students, aiming to cultivate their understanding of and interest in renewable energy. However, during the teaching process, challenges often arise, such as students only being able to measure temperature during extracurricular time and having difficulty effectively recording data. To address these issues, we propose the following solutions: (1)Utilize Internet of Things (IoT) technology to guide students in embedding temperature sensors (such as DHT22) and LCD1602 liquid crystal display modules in the solar oven. These sensors can read temperature data in real-time. (3) Through the internet, students transmit the temperature data collected by the sensors to LINE Notify or cloud databases (such as ThingSpeak) for storage and analysis. (3) Adopting project-based learning (PjBL) and STEAM teaching modes to enhance students' interdisciplinary integration skills, cultivate critical thinking, and develop problem-solving abilities. (4) Through group collaboration, cultivate students’ teamwork skills while stimulating their creativity, allowing them to jointly solve challenges encountered in the design and operation process. In the course, besides guiding students to unleash their creativity, they will also cultivate their scientific inquiry abilities through actual design experiments and the creation of the solar oven’s appearance. During the design process, students need to consider the changes in the sun’s position, the basic structure and function of the solar oven, choose suitable materials, and conduct scientific inquiry experiments. By learning how to collect cloud data and analyze temperature data, they can evaluate the effectiveness of their designs. Research results indicate that after conducting pre- and post-tests on learning effectiveness and interdisciplinary competency scales, and performing t-test analysis, students’ learning effectiveness has a positive and significant impact. The interdisciplinary competency scale covers four subscales: "Self-ability", "Reflection", "Communication" and "Practice". The results show that students have a positive and significant impact on the "Self-ability" subscale.